GERD

Several studies have found strong correlation of metabolic syndrome with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

Wu P, Ma L, Dai GX et al. The association of metabolic syndrome with reflux esophagitis: a case‐control study. Neurogastro Motil. November 2011;23(11):989-994. Available at https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1365-2982.2011.01786.x

Mohammadi M, Ramezani Jolfaie N, Alipour R, Zarrati M. Is Metabolic Syndrome Considered to Be a Risk Factor for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (Non-Erosive or Erosive Esophagitis)?: A Systematic Review of the Evidence. Iran Red Crescent Med J. 2016;18(11):e30363. Published 2016 Aug 8. doi:10.5812/ircmj.30363. Available at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5292393/

Ierardi E, Rosania R, Zotti M, Principe S, Laonigro G, Giorgio F, Francesco V, Panella C. Metabolic syndrome and gastro-esophageal reflux: A link towards a growing interest in developed countries. World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol 2010; 1(3): 91-96. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4291/wjgp.v1.i3.91 URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2150-5330/full/v1/i3/91.htm

Hirata A, Kishida K, Nakatsuji H. et al. High prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux symptoms in type 2 diabetics with hypoadiponectinemia and metabolic syndrome. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2012;9:4. https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-7075-9-4. Available at https://nutritionandmetabolism.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1743-7075-9-4

Hsieh YH, Wu MF, Yang PY et al. What is the impact of metabolic syndrome and its components on reflux esophagitis? A cross-sectional study. BMC Gastroenterol 2019;19:33. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-019-0950-z. Available at https://bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12876-019-0950-z

Nomura M, Tashiro N, Watanabe T et al. Association of Symptoms of Gastroesophageal Reflux with Metabolic Syndrome Parameters in Patients with Endocrine Disease. International Scholarly Research Notices. vol. 2014, Article ID 863206, 6 pages, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/863206. Available at https://www.hindawi.com/journals/isrn/2014/863206/

Kallel L, Bibani N, Fekih M et al. Metabolic syndrome is associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease based on a 24-hour ambulatory pH monitoring. Dis Esophagus. 2011 Apr;24(3):153-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-2050.2010.01118.x. Available at https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20946134/

Niigaki M, Adachi K, Hirakawa K et al. Association between metabolic syndrome and prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease in a health screening facility in Japan. J Gastroenterol 2013;48:463–472. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00535-012-0671-3 Available at https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00535-012-0671-3

Punjabi P, Hira A, Prasad S, Wang X, Chokhavatia S. Review of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in the diabetic patient. J Diab. September 2015;7(5):599-609. https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.12279. Available at https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/1753-0407.12279

Chung SJ. Oesophagus Metabolic syndrome and visceral obesity as risk factors for reflux oesophagitis: a cross-sectional case–control study of 7078 Koreans undergoing health check-ups. Gut 2008;57:1360-1365.

Park JH et al. Metabolic syndrome is associated with erosive esophagitis World J Gastroenterol. 2008;14(35):5442–5447. URL: http://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/14/5442.pdf

Lee Y-C. The effect of metabolic risk factors on the natural course of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease Gut 2009;58:174-181. URL: http://gut.bmj.com/content/58/2/174.full

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